土木工程和结构工程常用词汇
土木工程和结构工程常用词汇
安全超高free board
安全设施 safety device
安全性 safety
坝 dam
坝高 dam height
坝内廊道系统 gallery system
坝下埋管 under dam culvert
坝长 dam length
坝轴线 dam axis
板slab
板式楼梯cranked slab stairs
板柱结构 slab-colume system
板桩 sheet pile
板桩码头 sheet-pile quay-wall
饱和度 degree of saturation
爆炸作用 explosion action
变坡点 grade change point
变速车道 speed-change lane
变形 deformation
变形模量 modulus of deformation
变异系数 coefficient of variation
标准差 standard deviation
冰压力 ice pressure
波浪要素 wave characteristics; wave parameters
泊松比 poisson ratio
泊位 berth
部件 component; assembly parts
材料性能标准值 characteristic value of a property of a material
材料性能分项系数 partial safety factor for property of material。
材料性能设计值 design value of a property of a material
糙率(粗糙系数) coefficient of roughness
超高 superelevation
潮位 tide level
潮汐电站 tidal power station
沉降缝 settlement joint
沉井基础 open caisson foundation
沉箱基础 caisson foundation
沉消池 silting basin
承载力bearing capacity
承载能力极限状态 ultimate limit states
承重结构bearing structure
持久状况 persistent situation
充气结构 pneumatic structure
抽水蓄能电站 pumped storage power station
船舶荷载 ship load
船舶挤靠力 ship breasting force
船舶系缆力 mooring force
船舶撞击力 ship impact force
船台 ship-building berth
船坞 dock
船闸 navigation lock
次梁secondary beam
脆性brittleness
脆性破坏 brittle failure
单线桥 single-track bridge
弹性变形 elastic deformation
弹性模量elastic modulus
挡土墙 retaining wall
道碴 ballast
道岔 turnout
道床 bed
低周反复作用 low frequency cyclic action
堤 dike; levee
堤坝式水电站 dam type hydropower station
底部剪力法(拟静力法) equivalent base shear method
地基 foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground
地震 earthquake
地震区 earthquake zone
地震动水压力 earthquake dynamie water pressure
地震动土压力 earthquake dynamic earth pressure
地震烈度 earthquake intensity
地震震级 earthquake magnitude
地震作用 earthquake action
吊车荷载 crane load
吊车梁crane beam
叠合梁 superposed beam
丁坝 spur dike; groin
定值设计法 deterministic method
动量矩 moment of momentum
动水压强 hydro-dynamic pressure
动态作用 dynamic action
动作用系数 dynamic effect factor
冻胀力 frost heave force; frost hgave pressure
陡坡 chute1
跌水 drop
独立基础 single footing
渡槽 aqueduct; bridged flume
短期效应组合 combination for short-term action effects
短暂状况 transient situation
墩式码头 dolphin wharf
多次重复作用 repeated action; cyclic action
筏形基础 raft foundation
反滤设施(倒滤设施) reverse filter
反应谱 earthquake response spectrum
方差 mean square deviation
防波堤 breakwater; mole
防渗铺盖 apron; impervious blanket
防渗设施 seepage control facility
防渗帷幕 impervious curtain; cut-off
防震缝 aseismic joint
房屋建筑 building
房屋建筑工程 building engineering
分布钢筋distribution steel
分布荷载distribution load
分隔带 lane separator
分位数 fractile
分项系数 partial safety factor
风荷载 wind load
风架结构 space truss structure
风振 wind vibration
弗汝德数 Froude mumber
浮(趸船)码头 floating pier; pontoon wharf
浮力 buoyance
浮桥 pontoon bridge
富余水深 additional depth; residual depth
概率分布 probability distribution
概率设计法 probabilistic method
干线公路 arterial highway
刚度rigidity
刚构(刚架)桥 rigid frame bridge
刚架(刚构) rigid frame
刚架rigid frame
刚性基础 rigid foundation
钢轨 rail
钢轨扣件 rail fastening
钢结构 steel structure
钢筋reinforcing steel bar
钢筋保护层cover to reinforcement
钢筋搭接bar splicing
钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete
钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete structure
钢丝steel wire
港口与航道工程 port (harbour) and waterway engineering
高架桥 viaduct
高耸结构 high-rise structure
高速公路 freeway
高桩码头 open pier on piles; high-pile wharf
工程结构 building and civil engineering structures
工程结构设计 design of building and civil engineering structures
工业建筑 industrial building
公路 highway
公路车辆荷载标准 standard highway vehicle load
公路定线 route location
公路工程 highway engineering
公路建筑限界 clearance of highway
公路路肩 road shoulder
公路路线 highway
公路铁路两用桥 combined bridge; highway and railway transit bridge
公路网 highway network
公路线形 highway alignment
公路选线 route selection
拱 arch
拱坝 arch dam
拱桥 arch bridge
共振 resonance
构件 member
构造construction
箍筋hoop reinforcement
箍筋间距stirrup spacing
固定作用 fixed adtion
固结度 degree of consolidation
固结系数 coefficient of consolidation
管柱基础 cylinder pile foundation; cylinder caisson foundation
轨矩 gauge
轨排 track skeleton
轨枕 sleeper
过钿建筑物(过钽设施) fishpass facility
过木建筑物(过木设施) raftpass facility log pass facility
过水断面 discharge cross section
海漫 apron extension
含水量 water content
涵洞 culvert
行车道 carriageway
荷载 load
桁架 truss
桁架桥 trussed bridge
横截面cross section
护轮轨 guard rail
护坡 slope protection; revetment
护坦 apron
滑道 slipway
混合结构 mixed structure
混凝土(砼)结构 concrete structure
混凝土concrete
混凝土坝 concrete dam
基本变量 basic variable
基础 foundation
基床 bed ; bedding
极限变形 ultimate deformation
极限应变 ultimate strain
极限状态 limit states
极限状态方程 limit state equation
极限状态设计法 limit states method
集中荷载concentrated load
几何参数标准值 nomianal value of geometric parameter
加速度 acceleration
加载loading
剪变模量 shear modulus
剪力shear
剪力墙(结构墙)结构 shear wall structure
剪力墙shear wall
剪切变形shear deformation
剪切模量shear modulus
剪应变 shear strain; tangential strain
剪应力 shear stress; tangential stress
简支梁 simply supported beam
简支梁桥 simple supported girder bridge
建筑物(构筑物) construction works
浇注pouring
浇注混凝土concreting
节点 joint
结构 structure
截面 section
截面高度 height of section; depth of section
截面惯性矩 second moment of area; moment of inertia
截面厚度 thickness of section
截面回转半径 radius of gyration
截面极惯性矩 polar second moment of area; polar moment of inertia
截面宽度 breadth of section
截面面积area of section
截面面积矩 first moment of area
截面模量(抵抗矩)section modulus
截面直径 diameter of section
截面周长 perimeter of section
截水沟(天沟) catch ditch ;intercepting channel
进水(取水)建筑物 intake structure
静力法 static method
静水压强 hydro-static pressure
静水总压力 total hydro-static pressure
静态作用 static action
均值系数 coefficient of mean value
抗剪强度 shear strength
抗拉强度 tensile strength
抗力 resistance
抗力分项系数 partial safety factor for resistance
抗裂度 crack resistance
抗扭强度torsional strength
抗弯强度bending strength
抗压强度 compressive strength
靠船构件 berthing member
壳 shell
壳体基础 shell foundation
壳体结构 shell structure
可变作用 variable action
可靠概率 probability of survival
可靠性 reliability
可靠指标 reliability index
空间工作性能 spatial behaviour
孔隙比 porosity
孔隙率(度) porosity
孔隙水压力 pore water pressure
跨度 span
跨高比span-to-depth ratio
跨线(立交)桥 grade separated bridge; overpass bridge
跨中荷载midspan load
框架 frame
框架—剪力墙结构 frame-shear wall structure
框架结构 frame structure
框架桥 frame bridge
扩展(扩大)基础 spread foundation
拉力tension
浪压力(波浪力)wave pressure; wave force
雷诺数(Re)Reynolds mumber
力矩 moment of force
连接 connection
连续梁 continuous beam
连续梁桥 continuous girder bridge
联合基础 combined footing
梁beam
两端固定梁 beam fixed at both ends
裂缝crack
流畅 stream field
流量 discharge; flow rate
流速 velocity of flow
流速水头 velocity head of flow
流线 stream field
楼面、屋面活荷载 floor live load; roof live load
路基 subgrade of highway (railway)
路基边沟 subgrade side ditch
路基宽度 width of subgrade
路面 pavement
路面宽度 width of subgrade
码头 wharf
码头胸墙 wharf shoulder
漫水桥 submersible bridge
密实度 compactness
面分布力 force per unit area
民用建筑 civil building; civil architecture
磨擦系数 coefficient of friction
木结构 timber structure
耐久性 durability
挠度 deflection
内聚力(粘聚力) cohesion
内摩擦角 angle of internal friction
泥沙压力 silt pressute
扭矩 torque
偶然状况 accidental situation
偶然作用 accidental action
排架 bent frame
排水沟 drainage ditch
排水设施 drainage facility
配箍率stirrup ratio
配筋率reinforcement ratio
疲劳承载能力 fatigue capacity
疲劳强度 fatigue strength
偏心荷载eccentric load
偏心距eccentric distance
偏心率 relative ecdentricity
偏心受拉eccentric tension
偏心受压eccentric compression
频率 frequency
平均流速average velocity
平均值 mean value
平面线 horizontal curve
平面线形 horizontal alignment
坡段 grade section
坡桥 ramp bridge
破坏强度设计法 ultimate strength method
起重运输机械荷载 crane and vehicle load
砌体结构 masonry structure
前池 forebay
强度 strength
强迫振动 forced vibration
墙 wall
桥 bridge
桥(桥梁)荷载 load on bridge
桥(桥梁)恒荷载 dead load on bridge
桥(桥梁)活荷载 live load on bridge
桥墩 pier
桥建筑高度 construction height of bridge
桥建筑限界 clearance above bridge floor
桥跨结构(上部结构) bridge superstructure
桥面系 bridge floor system
桥台 abutment
桥下部结构 bridge substructure
桥下净空 clearance under bridge
桥支座 bridge bearing; bridge support
屈服yield
屈服点yield point
屈服荷载yield load
屈服极限limit of yielding
屈服强度 yield strength
屈服强度下限lower limit of yield
渠道 caual
人行道 sidewalk
容许应力设计法 permissible (allowable) stresses method
砂土液化 liquefaction of saturated soil
设计荷载design load
设计基准期 design reference period
设计强度design strength
设计水位 design water level
设计限值 limiting design value
设计状况 design situation
伸缩缝 expansion and contraction joint
深式进水口 deep water intake
渗流 seepage flow
渗透系数 degree of saturation
升船机 ship lift; ship elevator
失效概率 probability of failure
施工缝 construction joint
施工荷载 site load
湿周 wetted perimeter
时程分析法 time-history method
矢高 rise
视距 sight distance
适用性 serviceability
受剪承载能力 shear capacity
受拉承载能力 tensile capacity
受拉区tensile region
受扭承载能力 torsional capacity
受弯承载能力 flexural capacity
受弯构件member in bending
受压承载能力 compressive capacity
受压区compressive region
输水建筑物 conveyance structure
竖曲线 vertical curve
双弯矩 bimoment
双线桥 double-track bridge
双向配筋two-way reinforcement
水泵站(抽水站、扬水站、提水站) pump station
水锤(水击) water hammer
水锤泵站 ram station
水电站 hydro-electric station; hydropower station
水电站厂房 powerhouse of hydropower station
水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel
水库设计(正常)蓄水位 normal (pool) level
水库设计洪水位 design flood level
水库死(垫底)库容 dead storage
水库死水位 dead water level
水库校长核洪水位 exceptional flood level
水库兴利(有效、调节)库容 usable storage
水库总库容total reservoir storage
水力半径 hydraulic radius
水力坡度(水力比降)ydraulic slope; energy gradient
水利发电工程(水电工程)hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering
水利工程 hydraulic engineering
水轮泵站 turbine-pump station
水泥cement
水头损失 head loss
水位 water level
水压力 water pressure
水跃 hydraulic jump
水闸 sluice; barrage
顺坝 training dike
素混凝土non-reinforced concrete
塑限 plastic limit
塑性plasticity
塑性变形 plastic deformation
塑性指数 plasticity
隧道(洞)tunnel
隧道(洞)衬砌 tunnel lining
隧道(洞)围岩 tunnel surrounding rock
隧道洞口(洞门)tunnel portal
隧道建筑限界 clearance of tunnel
索塔(桥塔)bridge tower
特种工程结构 special engineering structure
体分布力 force per unit volume
条形基础 strip founcation
调压室 surge chamber
铁路定线 location
铁路工程 railway engineering
铁路轨道 railway track
铁路建筑限界 railroad clearance
铁路路肩 railway shoulder
铁路调车驼峰 railway shunting hump
铁路线路 permanent way
铁路选线 railway location
统计参数 statistical parameter
筒体结构 tube structure
土木工程 civil engineering
土石坝 earth-rock dam; embankment dam
土压力 earth pressure
外加变形 imposed deformation
外力external force
外磨擦角 angle of external friction
弯矩 bending moment
弯矩moment
弯起钢筋bent-up bar
弯桥 curved bridge
弯曲破坏bending failure
围堰 coffer dam
尾水渠 tailrace
位移 displacement
位置水头 level head
温度作用 temperature action
稳定性 stability
屋架roof truss
无缝线路 continuous welded rail
无梁楼盖flat slab
系船环 mooring ring
系船柱 mooring post bollard
显著性水平 significance level
现浇钢筋混凝土结构cast-in-place reinforced concrete
线分布力 force per unit length
线应变 linear strain
相对密度 relative density
箱形基础 box foundation
橡胶坝 rubber dam; flexible dam; fabric dam
消能池stilling basin
消能防冲设施 energy dissipating and anti-scour facility
校准法 calibration
斜交桥 skew bridge
斜拉(斜张)桥 cable stayed bridge
斜坡码头 sloped wharf
泄水建筑物 outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works
卸荷板 relieving slab
休止角 angle of repose
徐变creep
悬臂梁 cantilever beam
悬臂梁桥 cantilever girder bridge
悬挂结构 suspended structure
悬索(吊)桥 suspension bridge
悬索结构 cable-suspended structure
雪荷载 snow load
压力pressure
压力管道 pressure nconduit
压力水头 pressure head
压力梯度 pressure gradient
压缩模量 modulus of compressibility
压缩系数 coefficient of compressibility
延伸率percentage of elongation
延性ductileity
延性破坏 ductile failure
堰(溢流堰) weir
扬压力 uplift pressure
液限 liquid limit
液性指数 liquidity index
溢洪道 spillway
引桥 approach span
引水(引水道)式水电站 diversion conduit type hydropower staion
应变 strain
应力 stress
应力集中concentration of stresses
应力松弛stress relaxation
应力图stress diagram
应力应变曲线stress-strain curve
应力状态state of stress
永久作用 permanent action
预应力 prestress
预应力钢筋prestressed reinforcement
预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete
预应力损失 loss of prestress
预制板 precast slab
约束变形 restrained deformation
闸墩 sluice pier
闸门 sluice gate; lock gate
粘结力 cohesive force
站线 sidings
长度 length
长期效应组合 combination for long-term action effects
长细比 slenderness ratio
折板结构 folded-plate structure
振动 vibration
振幅 amplitude of vibration
振型 mode of vibration
振型分解法 mode analysis method
震源 earthquake focus
震中 earthquake epicentre
震中距 epicentral distance
整治建筑物 rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure
正(主)桥 main span
正常使用极限状态 serviceability limit states
正交桥 right bridge
正线 main line
正应力 normal stress
支墩坝 buttress dam
止水 sealing ; seal ; waterstop
质量密度 mass density
中国铁路标准活载 Standard Railway Live Load Specified by the People’s Republic of China
重力坝 gravity dam
重力密度 force (weight) density
重力式码头 gravity quay-wall
周期 period
周期振动 periodic vibration
轴向拉力axial tension
轴向力 normal force
轴向压力 axial pressure
轴心力 axial force
主梁 main beam
主应变 principal strain
主应力 principal stress
柱 column
转动惯量 dynamic moment of inertia
桩 pile
桩基础 pile foundation
自行车道 bicycle path
自由(可动)作用 free action
自由度 degree of freedom
自振(固有)频率 natural frequency
自振周期 natural period of vibration
自重 self weight
总水头 total head
纵面线形 vertical alignment
纵坡 longitudinal gradient
阻尼 damp
最大坡度 maximum grade
最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve
作用 action
作用标准值 characteristic value of an action
作用代表值 representative value of an action
作用分项系数 partial safety factor for action
作用设计值 design value of an action
作用效应 effects of actions
作用效应基本组合 fundamental combination for action effects
作用效应偶然组合 accidental combination for action effects
作用效应系数 coefficient of effects of actions
作用效应组合 combination for action effects
作用准永久值 quasi-permanent value of an action
作用组合值 combination value of actions
作用组合值系数 coeffcient for combination value of actions